The Pediatric Acute Leukemia (PedAL) Screening Trial - A Study to Test Bone Marrow and Blood in Children With Leukemia That Has Come Back After Treatment or Is Difficult to Treat - A Leukemia & Lymphoma Society and Children's Oncology Group Study

For people ages up to 22 years

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must be less than 22 years of age at the time of study enrollment
• Patient must have one of the following:

  • Patient has known or suspected relapsed/refractory (including primary refractory) AML

    - This includes isolated myeloid sarcoma

  • Patient has known or suspected relapsed/refractory (including primary refractory) myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome

  • Patient has known or suspected relapsed ALL that meets one of the following criteria:

    - Second or greater B-ALL medullary relapse, excluding KMT2Ar. - Any first or greater B-ALL medullary relapse involving KMT2Ar. - Any first or greater T-ALL medullary relapse with or without KMT2Ar.

  • Patient has known or suspected relapsed/refractory (including primary refractory) mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL)
  • Patient has known or suspected de novo or relapsed/refractory (including primary refractory) treatment-related AML (t-AML) or treatment-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS)
  • Patient has known or suspected de novo or relapsed/refractory (including primary refractory) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
  • Patient has known or suspected de novo or relapsed/refractory (including primary refractory) juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML)
• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met